1 Introduction. - 2 Ultrasonic Waves. - 2. 1 Propagation of ultrasound in solids. liquids and gases. - 2. 2 Reflection and transmission of an ultrasonic wave. - 2. 3 Refraction of ultrasonic waves. - 2. 4 Attenuation of ultrasonic wave motion. - 2. 5 Focusing of ultrasonic waves. - 2. 6 Radiation of ultrasonic energy. - 2. 7 References. - 3 Ultrasonic Transducers. - 3. 1 Capacitive transducers. - 3. 2 Piezoelectric transducers. - 3. 3 Magnetostrictive transducers. - 3. 4 Transducers operating with an electric discharge. - 3. 5 References. - 4 Ultrasonic Digital Measuring Methods. - 4. 1 Fundamental ultrasonic measuring methods. - 4. 2 Distance and level measurement. - 4. 3 Position measurement. - 4. 4 Ultrasonic measurement of liquid flow velocity. - 4. 5 Measuring the thickness of materials. - 4. 6 Temperature and pressure measurement. - 4. 7 References. - 5 Non-Destructive Testing (NDT). - 5. 1 Basic principles of ultrasonic NDT. - 5. 2 Ultrasonic methods in NDT. - 5. 3 Special methods. - 5. 4 Design and construction of NDT instrumentation. - 5. 5 References. - 6 Measurement of Position and Air Flow By Pulse Methods. - 6. 1 A pulse method of coordinate measurement using a reference transducer positioned at the coordinate origin. - 6. 2 Measuring air flow. - 6. 3 Measurement of the position and flow with a single instrument. - 6. 4 Measurement of wind velocity. - 6. 5 References. - 7 Ultrasonic Instruments: Case Studies. - 7. 1 Two-dimensional sensors for planar coordinates. - 7. 2 Robot grip position tester. - 7. 3 Instruments for measuring air flow. - 7. 4 Ultrasonic measurement of thickness. - 7. 5 Distance and level measurement. - 7. 6 Ultrasonic flow gauges. - 7. 7 Ultrasonic defectoscopy (NDT). - 7. 8 References. Language: English