1 The Scientific Work of Leonidas Zervas. - 2 Active Esters and the Strategy of Peptide Synthesis. - I. Introduction. - II. The Development of Active Esters. - III. Active Esters in Stepwise Syntheses. - IV. Active Esters in Solid-Phase Peptide Synthesis. - V. Conclusions. - References. - 3 The Facilitation of Peptide Synthesis by the Use of Picolyl Esters. - I. Introduction : The Functional Handle. - II. 4-Picolyl Esters of ?-Amino Acids. - III. Use of 4-Picolyl Esters for the Facilitation of Peptide Synthesis. - IV. Conclusions from Recent Experience. - References. - 4 On Cysteine and Cystine Peptides. - I. Introduction. - II. S-Protection of Cysteine During Peptide Synthesis: Transformation of S-Protected Cysteine Peptides to Cystine Peptides. - III. Unsymmetrical Cystine Peptides. - References. - 5 The Tosyl and Related Protecting Groups in Amino Acid and Peptide Chemistry. - I. Introduction. - II. Introduction of Tosyl Groups. - III. General Properties of Tosylamino Acids. - IV. Removal of Tosyl and Related Protecting Groups. - V. Tosylamino Groups in Carboxyl Protection and Carboxyl Activation. - VI. Tosyl Derivatives in Amino Acid Chemistry. - VII. Tosyl Protecting Groups in Peptide Synthesis. - VIII. Analytical Uses of Arenesulfonyl Derivatives. - IX. Sulfonyl Derivatives Other Than Tosyl. - X. Conclusion. - References. - 6 Tactics for Minimal Protection in Peptide Synthesis. - I. The Concept of the Minimal Use of Protecting Groups. - II. Indispensable Protection. - III. Conclusion. - References. - 7 Peptide Synthesis and the Specificity of Proteinases. - 8 Structural Studies of Naturally Occurring Cyclic Polypeptides at Rockefeller University. - 9 The Conformations of Cyclopeptides in Solution. - I. Introduction. - II. General Principles of Composite Physicochemical Study of the SolutionConformation of Cyclopeptides. - III. Cyclohexapeptides. - IV. Valinomycin. - V. Enniatins. - VI. Gramicidin S. - VII. Antamanide. - VIII. Conclusion. - References. - 10 Survey of the Synthetic Work in the Field of the Bacterial Cell Wall Peptides. - I. Introduction. - II. Stereospecific Preparation of Meso-diaminopimelic Acid Derivatives. - III. Synthesis of Meso-diaminopimelic Acid-Containing Peptide Subunits of the Escherichia coli Cell Wall Peptidoglycan. - IV. Synthesis of ?-Branched Isoglutaminyl and Lysyl Peptides of the Staphylococcus aureus Cell Wall Peptidoglycan. - V. Synthesis of Linear and ?-Branched Glutamyl and Lysyl Peptides of the Micrococcus lysodeikticus Cell Wall Peptidoglycan. - VI. Conclusions. - References. - 11 Intracellular Proteolysis and Its Demonstration with Synthetic and Natural Peptides and Proteins as Substrates. - I. Introduction. - II. The Concept of Proteolysis. - III. Synthetic Substrates for Protease Determinations. - IV. Autoproteolysis of Organs. - V. Qualitative and Quantitative Differentiation of Autoproteolysis by Use of Synthetic Substrates. - VI. Autoproteolysis of the Cell Components and Proteolytic Interactions Between Them. - VII. Proteolytic Enzyme Activity of Lysosomes Toward the Cell's Own Cytosol Proteins in Comparison to Foreign Proteins and Synthetic Peptides. - VIII. Significance of Enzymatic Reductive Cleavage of Disulfide Bridges for Intracellular Proteolysis. - IX. Conclusions. - References. - 12 Synthesis of Human ACTH and Its Biologically Active Fragments. - I. Introduction. - II. Synthesis of Human ACTH. - III. Synthesis of Sequence Homologs of Corticotropins. - IV. Biological Activity of the Synthetic Peptide Fragments. - V. Conclusions. - References. - 13 Synthesis of Pure Polypeptide Hormones with Full Biological Activity. - I. Introduction. - II. Glucagon. - III. [15-Leucine]-Human Gastrin I. - IV. Secretin. - V. Concluding Remarks. - References. - 14 Neurohypophyseal Hormones : Old and New Slants on the Relationship of Chemical Structure to Biological Activity. - 15 Use of Polymeric Reagents in the Synthesis of Linear and Cyclic Peptides. - I. Introduction. - II. Polymeric Reagents and Their Potential Use in Organic Synthesis. - III. Polymeric Reagents in Peptide Synthesis. - IV. Use of Polymeric Active Esters of Blocked Amino Acids in Peptide Synthesis. - V. Polymer Condensing Agents. - VI. Cyclic Peptides. - VII. Concluding Remarks. - References. - 16 Solid-Phase Peptide Synthesis. - I. Introduction. - II. The Solid-Phase Idea. - III. Summary and Conclusions. - References. - 17 Monitoring in Solid-Phase Peptide Synthesis. - I. Introduction. - II. Monitoring of the Coupling Reaction. - III. Monitoring of the Deprotection Step. - IV. Discussion. - References. - 18 Need for Solid-Phase Thinking in Solid-Phase Synthesis. - I. Introduction. - II. The Nonsolid State of the Solid Phase. - III. The Solid-Phase Peptide. - IV. Solid-Phase Analysis. - V. Conclusions. - References. Language: English