Diodes Function and purpose A diode is a semiconductor device that allows current to flow in one direction and blocks it in the opposite direction. Used for rectification, switching, signal processing, and circuit protection. Available in standard silicon, fast recovery, Schottky, Zener, and TVS variants to suit different roles. Compatibility Designed for integration with standard PCB layouts and common assembly processes. Available in both throughhole and surfacemount package styles to fit prototypes and production runs. Works across a broad range of voltage and current requirements; refer to modelspecific data for exact values. Size and packaging Throughhole options in axial or radial formats. Surfacemount options in common footprints (SMD variants) for compact designs. A range of body sizes to match space constraints and thermal considerations. Materials and construction Silicon diodes for general purpose applications; glasspassivated or epoxymolded constructions for reliability. Schottky diodes use a metalsemiconductor junction for low forward voltage drop and fast response. Zener and TVS diodes provide precise voltage reference and transient protection capabilities. Performance attributes Forward current and reverse voltage ratings vary by model to cover lowpower to power needs. Speed characteristics span standard rectification to fast and ultrafast switching. Leakage, breakdown behavior, and thermal performance are defined by each variant and package. Practical applications (23 use scenarios) Power supply rectification: convert AC to DC in adapters and DC rails. Protection and polarity handling: prevent damage from reverse polarity or voltage spikes in automotive and consumer electronics. Signal clamping and level control: limit voltage swings and provide transient suppression in digital and analog circuits. How to choose Determine the required reverse voltage and forward current for your circuit. Select the appropriate package type (throughhole or surfacemount) to fit the board layout. Choose the diode family based on needed speed and voltage characteristics (standard, fast recovery, Schottky, Zener, or TVS).