I. Ecological Causes of Biodiversity. - 1. Biogeographic Patterns of Avian Diversity in Australia. - 2. The Role of Architecture in Enhancing Plant Species Diversity. - 3. Species Coexistence and Abundance: Patterns and Processes. - II. Evolutionary Causes of Biodiversity. - 4. Extinction and the Evolutionary Process. - 5. Diversity and Evolution of Symbiotic Interactions. - 6. Global Diversification of Termites Driven by the Evolution of Symbiosis and Sociality. - III. Biodiversity and Ecological Complexity. - 7. Plant-Mediated Interactions Between Herbivorous Insects. - 8. Herbivore-Induced Plant Volatiles with Multifunctional Effects in Ecosystems: A Complex Pattern of Biotic Interactions. - 9. How a Butterfly Copes with the Problem of Biological Diversity. - IV. Biodiversity and Ecological Function. - 10. Successional Development Energetics and Diversity in Planktonic Communities. - 11. Food Web Structure and Biodiversity in Lake Ecosystems. - 12. The Role of Species in Ecosystems: Aspects of Ecological Complexity and Biological Diversity. - V. Management for Biodiversity Conservation. - 13. Sources and Management of Biodiversity in the Russian Far East. - 14. Singapore: A Case Study for Tropical Rain Forest Fragmentation and Biodiversity Loss. - 15. Management of Biodiversity in Aquatic Ecosystems: Dynamic Aspects of Habitat Complexity in Stream Ecosystems. - Conclusion. - 16. Biodiversity: Interfacing Populations and Ecosystems. Language: English