1. Introduction. - 1. 1 Development of Interconnected Power Systems. - 1. 2 Benefits of Operation of Interconnected Power Systems. - 1. 3 Developing and Developed Systems. - 1. 4 Human Factors in the Operation of Interconnected Power Systems. - 2. Objectives Functions and Location of Load Dispatch Centres. - 2. 1 Objectives. - 2. 2 Operational Planning. - 2. 3 Functions. - 2. 4 Hierarchical Set-Up of Load Dispatch Centres. - 2. 5 Location of Load Dispatch Centres. - 3. Facilities at Load Dispatch Centres. - 3. 1 Equipment and General Arrangement. - 3. 2 Building. - 3. 3 Control Room. - 3. 4 Computer System. - 3. 5 Teleprinter Facilities. - 3. 6 Weather Information System. - 3. 7 Operational Data Logging. - 3. 8 Auxiliary Power Supply. - 3. 9 Training of System Operators. - 4. Telecommunications in Power System Operation. - 4. 1 General. - 4. 2 Communication Systems. - 4. 3 Practices in Some Countries. - 4. 4 Role of Communications in Load Dispatch Centres. - 4. 5 Telemetering Systems. - 5. Determination of Operating Reserve. - 5. 1 General. - 5. 2 Availability of Generating Units. - 5. 3 Load Uncertainty Distribution. - 5. 4 Determination of Necessary Reserve. - 5. 5 Classification and Assessment of Reserve. - 5. 6 Assignment of Reserve to Various Units and Resources. - 5. 7 UCPTE Philosophy. - 6. Load-Generation Balance. - 6. 1 Introduction. - 6. 2 Short-Term Scheduling. - 6. 3 Medium-Long Term Operation Planning Ill. - 7. Load Management and Methods of Meeting Peak Demand. - 7. 1 General. - 7. 2 Flattening of Load Curve. - 7. 3 Characteristics of Loads. - 7. 4 Measures For Load Management. - 7. 5 State-Of -The-Art in the USA. - 7. 6 Swedish Project to Optimise Energy Consumption Pattern. - 7. 7 Methods of Meeting Peak Demand. - 7. 8 Pumped Storage Plant. - 8. Security and Reliability of Energy Control Systems. - 8. 1 Introduction. - 8. 2 Organisation. - 8. 3 Administration. - 8. 4 Equipment. - 8. 5 Conclusions. - 9. Inter-System Exchanges Tariffs and Billing. - 9. 1 General Principles of Power Exchanges. - 9. 2 Power Exchanges in the UCPTE Countries. - 9. 3 Power Pooling and Interchanges in the Usa. - 9. 4 Banking Transactions and Barter Deal. - 9. 5 New Organisational Structures. - Appendix 1: Present Practices in Load Forecasting. - 1. Introduction. - 2. Time Spans. - 3. General Characteristics. - 4. Objectives of Load Forecasting. - 5. Parameters Influencing Load Forecasts. - 5. 1 Main Parameters. - 5. 2 Meteorological Factors. - 5. 3 Special Events. - 6. Methods. - 6. 1 Load Forecasting in Practice. - 7. Data and Hardware. - 7. 1 Characteristics of the data. - 7. 2 Maintenance and Collection of Data. - 7. 3 Period considered. - 7. 4 Computational Means. - 8. Medium-Long Term. - 9. Short-Term. - 10. Very Short-Term. - 11. Related Issues. - 11. 1 Share of load forecast among load buses. - 11. 2 MV Ar Demand. - 11. 3 Monitoring the Errors. - 12. User's Opinion. - 13. Conclusions and Recommendations. - Appendix 2: (Reference Chapter 6 Load-Generation Balance). - Appendix A. - 1. Partitioning of Time in the Scheduling Problems. - 2. Simplifications. - 3. Categorisation of Generation Load and Power Exchanges. - 4. Constraints. - 5. Criteria of Optimisation. - 5. 1 First case: no hydro storage (or purely thermal). - 5. 2 Second case: no thermal generation (or purely hydro). - 5. 3 Third case: hydro-thermal power system. - 5. 4 Fourth case: no market opportunity. - 5. 5 Fifth case: purely hydro no opportunity exchanges no secondary load. - 6. Value of Water. - 6. 1 Medium term water value. - 6. 2 Short-term water value. - 7. Cost Function and Revenue Function. - 7. 1 Thermal generation plus opportunity import (cost). - 7. 2 Secondary load plus opportunity export (revenue). - 7. 3Combining the two functions. - Appendix B. - Appendix C. - Appendix D. - Appendix E. Language: English