Compact educational AC and DC generator model for classroom demonstrations and student experiments Key benefits Makes the principles of AC and DC generation visible and easy to understand for middle school physics and elementary natural knowledge lessons. Supports handson demonstrations that show how induced voltage and current direction change as an armature rotates in a magnetic field. Flexible output options let instructors illustrate both alternating current and direct current behavior; a DC voltmeter can be connected to the output for measurement. Main components and features Magnetic pole and permanent magnet to create a stable magnetic field. Armature coil that rotates to cut magnetic flux and induce electromotive force. Commutator and collector ring with brushes to transfer generated electricity to the external circuit. Small lamp included to provide an immediate visual load. Bottom plate for stable mounting. Clear indication of current direction changes during rotation. Output terminals suitable for connecting a sliding rheostat, DC ammeter, and a DC voltmeter. How it works When the armature coil rotates in the permanent magnetic field, the direction and magnitude of the induced electromotive force change periodically as the coil cuts the magnetic lines of force. The alternating induced voltage appears at the commutator and is transferred through the collector ring and brushes to the external circuit, demonstrating alternating current behavior. Moving the brush to the middle of the slip ring changes the output so the external connection receives direct current, allowing demonstration of DC output. Demonstration outline AC demonstration: Position the brush on the full ring portion of the collector ring. Connect a sliding rheostat and a DC ammeter to form an external circuit, attach the generator output, and slowly rotate the rotor. Observe the ammeter response and the small lamp to see voltage and current change with rotor speed. DC demonstration: Shift the brush to the middle of the slip ring and rotate the armature. The output shows direct current behavior, suitable for measuring with a DC voltmeter. Use the small lamp as a simple load to visualize power delivery and conversion efficiency as rotor speed varies. Typical classroom applications Middle school physics laboratory lessons on electromagnetic induction and generator operation. Elementary natural knowledge demonstrations to introduce basic energy conversion concepts. Teacherled experiments showing the effect of rotor speed, load resistance, and brush position on output type and magnitude. Performance and compatibility notes Designed as a demonstration model to show basic structure and operating principles of AC and DC generators. Compatible with common classroom instruments such as sliding rheostats, DC ammeters, and DC voltmeters for measurement and experimentation. Stable mounting on the bottom plate supports safe and repeatable demonstrations. What is included Demonstration generator with magnetic pole, armature, commutator, brushes, small lamp, and bottom plate. Output terminals for connection to external meters and rheostats. This model provides a clear, handson way to demonstrate how rotating coils in a magnetic field produce alternating and direct current, making abstract electromagnetic concepts accessible to students.